5G Technology in India
5G Network Development
Globally, 5G network deployment is rapidly moving from trials to early commercialization, In India , network operators like Airtel, Jio, Vi etc. Have already partnered with vendors like Ericsson, Huawei, and Samsung for planned trials sometimes by the GSM Association, a trade body that represents the interests of mobile network operators world wide, the following developments have taken place in India on the 5G front
5G Deployment Options
During the first new 5G development cycle, operators and industry insiders studied emerging trends. This led to the collective realization that it was necessary to accelerate and standardize the 5G network deployment service. As a result, 45 major players in the LTE wireless industry convened in March of 2017 to create a 5G deployment plan, titled, "The Way Forward on the Composite 5G-NR eMBB Action Plan".
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| 5G Network |
5G New Radio 3GPP The new radio (NR) non-standalone specification was released several months later. The non-standalone concept was developed as a means to introduce the first 5G coverage functionality on top of existing 4G/LTE network infrastructure. This innovative option has led to a wide variety of possible 5G deployment scenarios. The choice of standalone or non-standalone connectivity is just one of the variables that must be considered when planning a 5G deployment. Integration of virtualization elements and edge computing, fronthaul and backhaul network configuration are additional considerations. Small cell placement strategies, MIMO applications and spectrum allocation make each 5G NR installation unique. This new level of customization requires scalable, accurate and efficient test solutions to support different network deployment models.
Five Keys to Successful 5G Deployment The key to successful 5G network deployment is adapting traditional best practices to the new technological breakthroughs that have set 5G apart. These principles cut across all aspects of 5G network architecture, technology and performance.
Validate all fiber connections and validate antenna orientation/alignment: The importance of good fiber hygiene is enhanced by the manifold increase in antenna connections inherent in 5G Massive MIMO. The commitment to high quality connections and verification should also extend to coax installations for the FR1 band. Exceeding the link budget can directly result in performance degradation and delays in turn-on. Antenna alignment, including both orientation and tilt verification, provides a valuable baseline for optimized 5G cell site performance and coverage. Verify carrier and SSB spacing frequencies, and subcarrier spacing: The Synchronization Signaling Block (SSB), which is the 5G equivalent of an LTE reference signal, is used to identify and synchronize cells with specific user equipment (UE).Each SSB can be identified by a unique number known as the SSB index. A UE will lie on a specific beam based on the SSB index with the highest observed signal strength. It is important to verify SSB functionality during 5G network deployment and commissioning. The performance and spacing of each sub-carrier should also be tested. Verify that all carriers are present and each carrier's PCI: A robust 5G network deployment plan should include signal verification for each carrier and their respective physical cell ID (PCI). Carrier aggregation is a technique used to increase the data rate by assigning multiple frequency blocks or component carriers to each user. Better utilization through carrier aggregation is a key enabler of 5G bandwidth and use case diversity. Verify Beam ID for each carrier: In LTE deployments, coverage can be characterized by region-wide. Using 5G NR technology, each individual beam behaves like a separate coverage area on its own. The "beam-centric" philosophy of 5G underscores the importance of dedicated beam index analysis as part of 5G network deployment. Verify 5G Site Coverage: Verifying the designed cell coverage output in a 5G network requires accurate 5G coverage mapping to determine the beam index, power, and signal-to-noise ratio for a given area. This 5G deployment best practice can be difficult to achieve reliably, especially for combined 5G and LTE coverage areas. Dynamic Spectrum Sharing (DSS) enables 5G and LTE to work together for seamless coverage and faster 5G deployment. The best 5G coverage mapping tool is now provisioned for concurrent LTE and 5G coverage evaluation.
5G deployment challenges.
With so many options to choose from, simply deciding which fifth generation approach to take is the first of many inherent deployment challenges. Breakthrough 5G wireless technology platforms are pushing the envelope of design, manufacturing and testing capabilities. Network Function Virtualization (NFV) is a prerequisite for core network slicing, intelligence on the edge, and other essential 5G signal features. These technologies power the delivery of IoT and AI-based services. Standardization, security, and the expected CPU horsepower to run virtual functions are just a few of the many hurdles faced by NFV developers.
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| 5G Network |
What Makes 5G Faster? good question!
According to communication principles, the lower the frequency, the higher the bandwidth. Using lower frequencies (millimeter wave between 30GHz and 300GHz) for 5G networks can make 5G faster. This high-band 5G spectrum delivers the expected boost not only in speed but also in capacity, low latency and quality. However, 5G download speeds can vary widely by region. According to the February 2020 issue of Fortune magazine, the average 5G speed measures taken in the third quarter of 2019 range from: 220 megabits per second (Mbps) in Las Vegas )
350 in New York,
380 in Los Angeles,
450 in Dallas,
550 up to Chicago,
and about 950 in Minneapolis and Providence. This is 10 to 50 times more than 4G LTE.
How does 5G work?
Not only will 5G provide faster, better mobile broadband services than 4G LTE, but it will also expand into new service areas such as mission-critical communications and connecting IoT at large. This is enabled by several new 5G NR air interface design technologies, such as a new self-contained TDD subframe design.
How fast is 5G?
A: 5G is designed to deliver peak data rates of up to 20 Gbps based on IMT-2020 requirements. Qualcomm® Snapdragon™ X65, the flagship 5G solution from Qualcomm Technologies, is designed to achieve downlink peak data rates of up to 10 Gbps.
But 5G is more than just how fast it is. In addition to higher peak data rates, 5G is designed to provide greater network capacity by expanding into new spectrum, such as mm Wave.
5G can also provide much lower latency for more immediate response and an overall more uniform user experience so that data rates remain consistently high—even when users are on the move. And the new 5G NR mobile network is backed by the Gigabit LTE Coverage Foundation, which can provide ubiquitous gigabit-class connectivity.
Who invented 5G?
We are at the heart of the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), the industry organization that defines global specifications for 3G UMTS (including HSPA), 4G LTE and 5G technologies.
3GPP is driving many essential innovations in all aspects of 5G design, from the air interface to the service layer. Other 3GPP 5G members range from infrastructure vendors and component/equipment manufacturers to mobile network operators and vertical service providers.
What underlying technologies make up 5G?
5G is based on OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing), which is a method of modulating a digital signal into several different channels to reduce interference. 5G uses OFDM principles as well as 5G NR air interface. 5G also uses wide bandwidth technologies such as sub-6 GHz and mm Wave.
Like 4G LTE, 5G OFDM works on the same mobile networking principles. However, the new 5G NR air interface can further enhance OFDM to provide significantly greater flexibility and scalability. It could provide more 5G access to more people and things for a variety of different use cases.
5G will bring wider bandwidth from the sub-3 GHz used in 4G to 100 GHz and beyond, by increasing the use of spectrum resources. 5G can operate in both the lower band (e.g., sub-6 GHz) as well as mm Wave (e.g., 24 GHz and above), which will bring greater capacity, multi-Gbps throughput, and lower latency।
5G is designed to not only deliver faster, better mobile broadband services than 4G LTE, but could also expand into new service areas such as mission-critical communications and connecting larger IoT. This is enabled by several new 5G NR air interface design technologies, such as a new self-contained TDD subframe design.
How is 5G better than 4G?
While 4G LTE focused on delivering faster mobile broadband services than 3G, 5G is designed to be a unified, more capable platform that not only enhances mobile broadband experiences, but also mission-critical communications. And also supports new services like Vishal IOT. 5G basically includes all types of spectrum (licensed, shared, unlicensed) and bands (low, mid, high), a wide range of deployment models (from traditional macro-cells to hotspots), and new ways of interconnecting ( such as device). -to-device and multi-hop mesh).
5G uses better spectrum than 4G.
5G is designed to make the most of every bit of spectrum in a wide range of spectrum regulatory patterns and bands available – from the low band below 1 GHz, to the mid band of 1 GHz to 6 GHz, to the millimeter wave. up to the high band known as. (mm wave).
5G is faster than 4G.
5G can be significantly faster than 4G, delivering up to 20 gigabit-per-second (Gbps) peak data rates and 100+ megabit-per-second (Mbps) average data rates.
The capability of 5G is more than 4G.
5G is designed to support a 100x increase in traffic capacity and network efficiency.1
5G has less latency than 4G.
Latency in 5G is low enough to provide more immediate, real-time access: 10x reduction in end-to-end latency to 1ms.1