What is Green Hydrogen and how is it obtained?
This technology is based on the generation of hydrogen:- a universal, light, and highly reactive fuel through a chemical process known as electrolysis. This method uses an electrical current to separate the hydrogen from the oxygen in the water. If this electricity is obtained from renewable sources we will, therefore, produce energy without emitting carbon dioxide into the atmosphere
As the IEA points out, this method of obtaining green hydrogen would save the 830 million tonnes of CO2 that are emitted annually when this gas is produced using fossil fuels. Likewise, replacing all grey hydrogen in the world would require 3,000 TWh/year from new renewables — equivalent to the current demand of Europe. However, there are some questions about the viability of green hydrogen because of its high production cost; reasonable doubts that will disappear as the decarbonization of the earth progresses and, consequently, the generation of renewable energy becomes cheaper.
Advantages And Disadvantages Of Green Hydrogen
This energy source has pros and cons that we must be aware of. Let's go over some of its most important good points:
Advantages
- Hydrogen can be produced from renewable energy.
- Stored in large amounts for a long time.
- Hydrogen contains almost three times as much energy as fossil fuels.
- By product of hydrogen fuel is water.
- Hydrogen energy is Non-toxic.
- green hydrogen does not emit polluting gases either during combustion or during production.
Disadvantages
- Hydrogen production from renewable energy is quite challenging.
- Hydrogen is so much less dense, It either to be cooled to -253 degrees celsius to liquefy it, or compressed to 700 times atmospheric pressure.
- Hydrogen is a highly flammable and volatile substance.
- Hydrogen cost of fuel cell because platinum is used at the anode and cathode as a catalyst to split hydrogen.
- hydrogen is a highly volatile and flammable element and extensive safety measures are therefore required to prevent leakage and explosions.
Impact of Green Hydrogen
Hydrogen as a fuel is a reality in countries like the United States, Russia, China, France, and Germany. Others like Japan are going even further and aspire to become a hydrogen economy. Below we explain what the impact will be in the future:
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Electricity and drinking water generator
These two elements are obtained by reacting hydrogen and oxygen together in a fuel cell. This process has proved very useful on space missions, for example, by providing crews with water and electricity in a sustainable manner.
Energy storage
Compressed hydrogen tanks are capable of storing energy for long periods of time and are also easier to handle than lithium-ion batteries because they are lighter.
Transport and mobility
Hydrogen's great versatility allows it to be used in those consumption niches that are very difficult to decarbonize, such as heavy transport, aviation, and maritime transport. There are already several projects underway in this area, such as Icarus and Cryoplane, which are promoted by the European Union (EU) and aim to introduce it in passenger aircraft.
Green Hydrogen in India
India will soon join 15 other countries in the hydrogen club as it prepares to launch the National Hydrogen Energy Mission (NHEM)
The global target is to produce 1.45 million tonnes of green hydrogen by 2023.
currently, India consumes around 5.5 million tonnes of hydrogen primarily produced from imported fossil fuels.
In 2030, according to an analysis by the Council on Energy Environment, and Water (CEEW), green hydrogen demand could be up to 1 million tonnes in India across applications in sectors such as ammonia, steel, methanol, transport, and energy storage.
However, several challenges in scaling up to commercial-scale operations persist.
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Some Green Hydrogen related important questions:-
Who manufactures green hydrogen in India?
In July 2021, its arm NTPC Renewable Energy Ltd called a domestic tender to set up India's first green hydrogen fuelling station in Leh, Ladakh. The company plans to use the electricity generated from its upcoming renewable energy projects to generate green hydrogen on a commercial scale who is the largest producer of green hydrogen?
Who is the largest producer of green hydrogen?
China. China consumes and produces more hydrogen than any other country – its current annual usage is more than 24 million tonnes. Emissions-free “green” hydrogen is generated using renewable energy.
Why is green hydrogen expensive?
High cost: energy from renewable sources, which are key to generating green hydrogen through electrolysis, is more expensive to generate, which in turn makes hydrogen more expensive to obtain.
How much is 1kg of hydrogen?
1 kg of hydrogen is equal to 1 gallon of gasoline in btu equivalent. MRE electrolyzers require 48 kilowatt-hours (KWH) of electricity to produce 1 kg of hydrogen.
How much does 1kg of hydrogen cost?
The average price of hydrogen for a light-duty fuel cell electric vehicle (passenger car) in California is $16.51 per kilogram, according to the 2019 Joint Agency Report (p17).
What is the cost of green hydrogen?
At a factory-gate cost of Rs 4 to 7 per unit, green hydrogen production costs come to Rs 500 per kg. This cost compares with the current grey hydrogen cost of Rs 150 per kg
